Educational Achievement Essay Example for Free

Educational Achievement EssayUsing material from Item A and elsewhere assess the view that tender soma differences in educational achievement are the result of nurture processes such as labelling.Social class reason has a powerful influence on a childs chances of success in the educational system, a child is often labeled from the first year of school based on stereotyped assumptions about their class background, in the society there are significant social class, gender and ethnic inequalities of educational achievement. Differences in cultural and material circumstances operating outside the school environment and processes that take place between working class and middle class assimilators within the schools themselves which involve negative and positive labeling. Some explanations of class differences in achievement focus on internal factors within school and the educational system. Interactionists have interpreted this approach further, they have examined the way in wh ich labeling is conjoined to other processes within schools that result in class differences in achievement, these processes include the self-fulfilling prophecy, streaming and the polarization into anti and pro-school schoolchild subcultures as stated by Item A.The self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that fucks true simply by virtue of it having world made, which leads to a students underachievement. If teachers have low expectations of certain children and communicate these expectations in their interaction, these children may develop a negative self-concept. They may come to see themselves as failures and shew up trying, thereby fulfilling their original prophecy and leads to ones underachievement. Studies show that self-fulfilling prophecy is particularly less likely to occur when children are streamed. Streaming involves separating children into contrary ability groups or classes called streams. Each ability group is taught enjoinly from the other for all subjects. Howard Becker carried out an study and found that teachers judged scholars according to how closely they fitted an image of the lofty pupil, he found that teachers do not usually see working class children fit in that margin, they were often labelled as non-academic and difficult they break away to see them as lacking ability and have low expectations of them.As a result working class children are more likely to respect themselves put in a lower stream. Children in lower streams get the message that their teacher have written them of as no-hopers. Once a pupil is streamed it is much more difficult to move up into a higher stream. This creates a self-fulfilling prophecy in which a student lives up to their teachers low expectations. By contrast middle class students tend to benefit from streaming. They are likely to be based in higher streams, reflecting teachers view of them as the ideal pupil. As a result they develop a more positive self-concept, gain confidence, work harder and improve their grades. Item A mentions about David Gillborn and Deborah Youdell study that examined the exercise examined the role of educational policies in creating the context for such school processes to take place. Their study shows how schools use teachers notions of ability to decide which pupils have the potential to achieve five GCSE A*-C. They found that working class and black pupils are less likely to be perceived as having the potential, and are more likely to be put in lover sets, and entered in lower GCSEs.This denies them the knowledge and opportunity needed to gain good grades and so widens the class gap between working class and the middle class in achievement. Some people argue that the A*-C economy produces educational triage. However, Gillborn and Youdell put the labelling and streaming process into a wider context, they also link the triage system to the marketization policies within the educational system, such as league tables. As a result to the way tha t pupils have been labelled and streamed, students often appear into pupil subcultures. A number of studies have shown how pupil subcultures might play a part in creating class differences in achievement.Colin Laceys study displays the concepts of differentiation and polarization to explain how pupil subcultures develop, He states that, differentiation is the process of teachers who categorise pupils according to how they perceive their ability attitude and behavior, differentiation is also a form of streaming, since it categorizes pupils into separate classes. Polarization, on the other hand is the process in which students respond by moving towards one of the two opposite poles or extremes. To conclude, there are legion(predicate) different situations that children/students have to undergo, may it have a positive or negative impact on them in the future. As different sociologists have come up with theories that prove these certain situations, I too believe that social class diffe rences do have an impact on educational achievement, the reason being it could internally/emotionally cause damage that other people arent aware of. The way a teacher treats its pupil due to their different social class is very wrong, and it should never have to happen.